Depression is a common mental health disorder that is characterized by a persistent low mood. The key word is persistent. Depression is a medical condition that affects how we feel, think and behave. It can have serious physiological as well as psychological consequences if not treated quickly. It is not a weakness nor is it a natural part of aging. Depression can affect anyone of any age.
Depression should not be confused with short term appropriate sadness due to major life events like loss of a loved one, a beloved pet or object, adverse health changes, physical disability, financial stress and change in life role. Again, the key phrase is short term. Everyone has ups and downs. If feelings of sadness and hopelessness persist for two weeks or more, it’s time to seek help. The signs and symptoms of depression can look different for each person and vary in severity.
Some common symptoms of depression include:
• Depressed mood, feeling hopeless and empty for more than two weeks
• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
• Restlessness, becoming easily agitated or angry
• Emotional numbness
• Loss of energy and fatigue
• Problems with concentration or decision making
• Memory deficits
• Sleeping too much or too little
• Increased use of alcohol or drugs
• Changes in eating habits leading to unexplained weight loss or gain
• Physical symptoms such as aches and pains, headaches or digestive issues
• Thoughts of death or suicide. If you have these thoughts speak to someone who can help you immediately.
So, what do you do if you are experiencing one or more of these symptoms or you are just not feeling yourself? The good news is that depression is very treatable. Studies have shown that with early treatment people can have improved cognitive functioning and emotional relief. The first step is to talk with your doctor and have a medical assessment done. This is important as there are some diseases that mimic depression. Your doctor can refer you to a mental health professional if indicated. The gold standard for treating depression is counseling and medication.
Is depression preventable?
Depression cannot be prevented in most cases. However, it can be treated. The cause can be a life-changing event, trauma, genetics and biology, or no reason at all. However, positive lifestyle changes – regular exercise, healthy diet, strong social connections and enough sleep – can lower your risk of illness and chronic conditions that can lead to depression. Improved coping skills including stress management, mindfulness meditation, relaxation exercises, self-care and being happy and compassionate with yourself can help better manage difficult situations.
Note that this article is an overview of the subject of depression. It is informational only and is not a medical evaluation. Please consult with your doctor or a licensed mental health professional for more information.
Editor’s note: The author is a Schooner resident who is Licensed Clinical Social Worker with psychotherapy privileges. She has achieved membership in the Academy of Certified Social Workers. Areas of practice include medical social work, hospice care, and end of life counseling.
